Abantu bemvelo kumele babe nencwadi engasikhomba futhi eqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle ezweni lethu esihlala kulo. Emashumini amaningi eminyaka, eSpain lo mbhalo ububizwa ngokuthi I-National Identity Document. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, ifomethi iye yaba ngcono, isuka ekubeni yiphepha elikhulu elingazange ngisho ne-laminated, liyancipha libe ubukhulu balo bamanje futhi izinguqulo zakamuva zibizwa ngokuthi. I-ID kagesi. Lapha sizochaza ukuthi liyini, lisetshenziswa kanjani nakho konke odinga ukukwazi ngaleli khadi lesizukulwane esisha.
Izifundi ze-ID zikagesi ezihamba phambili
| Okuhle kakhulu |
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ISveon SCT011M - Isifundi ... | Bona izici | 10.340 imibono | Bona ukunikezwa |
| Ikhwalithi yamanani |
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Thembela I-Primo DNI Reader... | Bona izici | 6.710 imibono | Bona ukunikezwa |
| Intandokazi yethu |
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Woxter ID Reader, Reader... | Bona izici | 6.348 imibono | Bona ukunikezwa |
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Umfundi we-ZOWEETEK dnie,... | Bona izici | 1.370 imibono | Bona ukunikezwa | |
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AISENS - ASCR-SN06-BK -... | Bona izici | 6 imibono | Bona ukunikezwa | |
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Umfundi we-ZOWEETEK dnie... | Bona izici | 306 imibono | Bona ukunikezwa |
Iyini i-ID ye-elekthronikhi
I-DNI imele Idokhumenti ye-Identity kazwelonke. Ezingxoxweni nomndeni wethu nabangane, sivame ukubhekisela kukho njengekhadi noma umazisi, futhi kusukela ngo-2006 i-"e" yengezwe ngemuva kwayo ukukhombisa ukuthi i-electronic. Ngakho-ke, i-DNI ye-elekthronikhi noma i-DNIe idokhumenti efanayo ebesilokhu siyisebenzisa cishe amashumi eminyaka angu-70, kodwa ivuselelwe ukuze kugcinwe ulwazi olwengeziwe, ukuyenza ivikeleke kakhulu futhi sikwazi ukwenza izinqubo ezikude.
Omazisi Kazwelonke abangama-elekthronikhi kukhona okubili: lo owaziwa ngokuthi I-DNIe ne-DNI 3.0. Okokuqala, ngo-2006 bangeza i-chip esiyibona esibonelweni esingenhla kwale migqa, kuyilapho inguqulo yesithathu ihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-NFC (Near Field Communication) ku-chip, ngakho-ke asisabophekile ukuyibeka kunoma iyiphi slot Kunalokho, ingasetshenziswa ngokuyisondeza kumadivayisi ahambisanayo.
Ngakho-ke, i-DNI ye-elekthronikhi iyisizukulwane esisha se-National Identity Document, ngaleyo ndlela, esiza ukusikhomba ngokoqobo, kodwa futhi singayisebenzisa ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi yithina kumasistimu kagesi, njengalezo ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza imisebenzi ethile ku-inthanethi. Lokhu kungenxa ye-chip ehlanganisiwe, lapho kuvela khona ulwazi olufana nayo yonke into evela ephrintiwe ekhadini, kodwa futhi nezitifiketi ezithile esizozisebenzisa ukuze sizikhombe ukude.
Izithiyo noma ezimbi ze-DNIe ukuthi, njengoba akudingekile ukuqhathanisa ubuso bomphathi kanye nalobo obuvela kudokhumenti, kufanele sinakekele ngokukhethekile ukuthi singaniki muntu i-PIN esikulungisile ngenkathi sivula ikhadi. Yebo, uma sikholelwa ukuthi ngeke senze ukuthengiselana nge-inthanethi, asikwazi ukwenza lo msebenzi usebenze, ngakho-ke sizosala nento efana ne-ID endala, umehluko kuphela wokuthi ezintsha kakhulu zincane nokuthi isithombe akusho ukuthi ingahlukaniswa njengasemibhalweni yamashumi eminyaka ambalwa edlule.
Uyenza kanjani i-DNI ye-elekthronikhi isebenze
Ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa i-DNI ye-elekthronikhi ukwenza izinqubo ku-inthanethi, okokuqala kufanele uyivule. Lokhu akusiyo into esingayenza sisekhaya, kodwa sidinga ukukwenza esikhungweni esifanayo lapho umbhalo sinikezwe khona. Lesi sikhungo noma isikhungo sijwayele ukuba yisiteshi samaphoyisa, lapho kunemishini efana kakhulu ne-ATM. Ngokucabangela ukuthi imishini iseduze nalapho sithola / sivuselela i-DNI, kungcono ukuyivula ngalo lolo suku.
Ukusetshenziswa kwale mishini kuyefana nalawa ma-ATM ashiwo ngenhla:
- Sifaka i-DNI endaweni yokubeka.
- Sizikhomba thina, kulokhu okungeke kube nephasiwedi, kodwa ngezigxivizo zeminwe yethu.
- Ekugcineni, kufanele silandele imiyalelo evela esikrinini. Phakathi kwalokho esikucelayo, kuzodingeka silungiselele iphinikhodi.
Kuzofanele sikwenze phinda inqubo njalo eminyakeni emihlanu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-DNI iphelelwa yisikhathi eminyakeni engu-5 (intsha), iminyaka engu-10 (abadala) noma ayikaze (abadala).
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-DNI ye-elekthronikhi
Akunandaba ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza olusetshenziswayo; ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa i-DNI ye-elekthronikhi kufanele sibe nehardware ehambisanayo, lapho umfundi egqama khona Ikhadi elihlakaniphile lihambisana ne-ISO-7816 ejwayelekile. Ngaphandle kwayo, ngeke ukwazi ukufinyelela i-chip nolwazi oluqukethe.
Emafasiteleni
Ngokusemthethweni, iziphequluli ezisekelwayo ziyi I-Internet Explorer, i-Google Chrome ne-Mozilla Firefox, ngakho ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu kuphakathi kwalezo zintathu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-Microsoft Edge iyahambisana nezinguqulo ezedlule ze-Internet Explorer, nokuthi i-Chrome isebenzisa injini ye-Chromium, efanayo esetshenziswa ezinye iziphequluli ezifana ne-Brave, i-Opera noma i-Vivaldi. Kodwa, ukuze uyidlale iphephile, kungcono ukhethe esinye seziphequluli ezinconyiwe, okuyi-Chrome noma i-Internet Explorer / Edge.
Ukuze usebenzise i-DNI ye-elekthronikhi ku-Windows, kufanele senze okulandelayo:
- Siyaqinisekisa ukuthi asinazo izibuyekezo ezisalindile esizozifaka. Uma siya ku-Windows Update bese kuvela okuthile, siyakufaka.
- Uma singenaso isiphequluli esinconyiwe esifakiwe, siyasifaka.
- Sixhuma isifundi sekhadi.
- Manje udinga ukufaka i-CardModule. Ukufakwa kwayo kulula kakhulu: kwanele ukuba nemishini exhunywe ku-inthanethi futhi ufake ikhadi kumfundi. I-Windows Update izocinga umshayeli odingekayo bese iyifaka. Uma kungenjalo, ungalanda futhi wenze ukufaka ngesandla, okuchazwayo lapha.
- Njengoba i-CardModule isivele ifakiwe, okuwukuphela kwento esele ukuzikhomba bese uqala ukuthatha izinyathelo.
KuMac
Ekuqaleni, iSafari ayiveli phakathi kweziphequluli ezisekelwayo. Ukuze uqale ukusebenzisa i-DNI ye-elekthronikhi ku-macOS, konke okufanele ukwenze:
- Sisebenzisa zonke izibuyekezo ezilindile.
- Sifaka i-Chrome noma i-Firefox, phakathi kwayo i-Chrome enconywa kakhulu.
- Ngokombono, i-macOS ibilokhu ithola i-hardware ngaphandle kwesidingo sokufaka noma yibaphi abashayeli, kodwa uma bekunjalo ukuthi isifundi sekhadi esisithengile sihlanganisa isofthiwe yokuyifaka ku-Mac, siyayifaka.
- Sivula kusiphequluli.
- Sixhuma umfundi kukhompyutha bese sifaka ikhadi. I-CardModule kufanele ifake ngokuzenzakalelayo.
- Siyafinyelela lesi sixhumanisi futhi salanda futhi safaka i-PCKS 11.
- Njengoba konke okungenhla sekufakiwe, singaqala ukwenza izinqubo zethu.
Okuchazwa kulesi sigaba futhi isebenza ku-Linux. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi kuzodingeka silande futhi sifake amafayela e-Linux, atholakala ku- lesi sixhumanisi. Amasistimu anconyiwe yilawo asuselwa ku-Debian, njenge-Debian uqobo, Ubuntu noma i-Linux Mint, i-Fedora noma i-OpenSuse. Esikulandayo kungamafayela afakekayo okusabalalisa okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla, ngakho ukufakwa kuhambisana nezikhungo ezizenzakalelayo ze-software yesistimu ngayinye yokusebenza.
Izinzuzo zokuba nesifundi se-electronic DNI
Izehlakalo zakamuva zisenze saqonda ukuthi, ngenhlanhla noma ngeshwa ngalokho elikushoyo, ziningi izindlela zokwenza izinto. Ngibhekise kuzinqubo eziku-inthanethi, ezifana nokusebenza ngocingo noma ukuthumela, ukwamukela noma ukucela ulwazi. Kunezimo lapho ukuba khona ngokomzimba nokuhamba kuyadingeka, kodwa lokhu akunjalo kuzo zonke izinqubo. Okunye kungenziwa ekhaya nge-ID kagesi kanye umfundi ngokufanayo.
Izinzuzo ngokujwayelekile ziyafana nokusebenza ngocingo: singakwazi yenza imisebenzi ethile ekhaya lethu, kunoma iyiphi ikhompyutha umfundi Womazisi Kazwelonke angaxhunywa kuyo. Ukuze siqonde kangcono esikuzuzayo ngedivayisi yalolu hlobo, kufanele sichaze izinzuzo ze-DNI ye-elekthronikhi:
- Isiginesha ye-elekthronikhi ye-DNIe iqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu ophethe abaphathi nguyena okufanele abe nguye, ukuze sikwazi ukubonana nedatha yomuntu siqu, senze izinqubo noma sifinyelele izinsiza ezahlukene.
- Inikeza ukuvikeleka okuphezulu kanye nokugcinwa kuyimfihlo okungenzeka ku-inthanethi.
- Ithuthukisa izinhlelo zokuhlonza ezinkampanini.
- Konke lokhu kwenziwa ngaphandle kokuthi sizethula ngokomzimba.
Ngakho-ke, siyaqonda ukuthi umfundi we-ID kagesi akuyona into abanye bethu abazoyisebenzisa kakhulu, kodwa izintengo esingazithola ngazo zisenza sikhokhe ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa nje, njengoba uhambo alukho mahhala. Singaba nezinzuzo ezengeziwe uma senza izinqubo eziningi kithi noma zenkampani yethu, njengoba sizokwenza konke ukunyakaza kusuka kukhompyutha efanayo esivame ukuyisebenzisa.
Ingabe impilo yomsebenzi ingabonwa nge-DNI ye-elekthronikhi?
Yebo. Eqinisweni, ukulisebenzisa kunjalo enye yezindlela zokucela, ukubuka noma ukulanda umbiko wempilo yethu yokusebenza. Ngenxa ye-chip, kanye nokuphepha okwengeziwe ekunikezayo, izinqubo zokuphatha zingenziwa kalula ku-inthanethi.
- Siya kuwebhusayithi Yezokuphepha Komphakathi, okwamanje https://sede.seg-social.gob.es.
- Okulandelayo sibheka inketho Yempilo Yomsebenzi. Izinguquko emakhasini ewebhu ezinhlaka zombuso azivamile, futhi ngesikhathi sokubhala lesi sihloko umbiko usesigabeni Izakhamizi / Imibiko kanye nezitifiketi / Umbiko wempilo yakho yokusebenza.
- Sifinyelela ngokucela Isitifiketi Sedijithali.
- Uma sesingaphakathi sizokwazi ukulanda umbiko nge-PDF sisebenzisa i-dni-e.
Kufanele ukhumbule lokho ukusebenzisa lolu hlelo udinga ukusebenzisa umfundi, njengoba kuchazwe ephuzwini elidlule, ukuze sikwazi ukufaka ikhadi futhi sizibonakalise, ngakho kumelwe silithenge noma sicele othile onalo ukuba asenzele lona. Okungcono nakakhulu, hamba lapho umfundi ekhona thina futhi sizenzele izinyathelo, inqobo nje uma umuntu ethembekile futhi engasishiya sodwa neqembu lakhe.
Umhlahlandlela wokuthenga
